abstract：:Matrix metalloproteinases constitute a family of structurally related endopeptidases that are crucial for the normal turnover of the extracellular matrix. Elevated levels of MMP-9 have been demonstrated in synovial fluids of rheumatoid arthritis patients, and a correlation with the severity of the disease has been des...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Calander AM,Starckx S,Opdenakker G,Bergin P,Quiding-Järbrink M,Tarkowski A

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) potentiates respiratory disease and proinflammatory cytokine production in the lungs upon intratracheal inoculation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 1 day of infection. This study aimed to quantify LPS-binding protein (LBP), CD14 and haptoglobin in the lungs throughout a PRCV inf...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Van Gucht S,Atanasova K,Barbé F,Cox E,Pensaert M,Van Reeth K

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Episomal expression of the major surface glycoprotein (gp63) sense and antisense mRNAs in Leishmania amazonensis was found previously to modulate the expression of this molecule as well as its infection of macrophages in vitro. Here, we evaluated the in vivo infectivity of these transfectants in BALB/c mice. Antisense...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Thiakaki M,Kolli B,Chang KP,Soteriadou K

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase which plays pivotal roles in stress and immune responses. This review is focused on three major subjects on ASK1: the regulatory mechanisms of the kinase activity, the pathophysiological roles in stress response and innate ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Hayakawa T,Matsuzawa A,Noguchi T,Takeda K,Ichijo H

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Secreted phospholipase B (PLB1), which contains three enzyme activities in the one protein, is necessary for the initiation of pulmonary infection by Cryptococcus neoformans and for dissemination from the lung via the lymphatics and blood. Adhesion to lung epithelium is the first step in this process, therefore we inv...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Ganendren R,Carter E,Sorrell T,Widmer F,Wright L

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-mediated immunity to Toxoplasma gondii establishes and maintains a balanced host-pathogen relationship. Recent analyses using spontaneous and genetically engineered mouse mutants have yielded a clearer picture of factors positively and negatively regulating the host immune response and a better understanding of c...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Yap GS,Shaw MH,Ling Y,Sher A

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23 signal transduction-deficient individuals with genetic defects in IL12RB1 or IL12B often suffer from unusual mycobacterial and Salmonella infections. Here we discuss recent questions that have arisen from clinical observations that cast doubt on the necessity of IL-12/IL-23 signaling in contr...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： van de Vosse E,Ottenhoff TH

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of cytokines in Leishmania amazonensis experimental infection has not been as well studied as in Leishmania major infection model. Here we investigated the role of interleukin (IL)-4 and PGE(2) in L. amazonensis infection of susceptible BALB/c mice. IL-4 deficient (-/-) or wild-type (+/+) BALB/c mice were inf...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Guimarães ET,Santos LA,Ribeiro dos Santos R,Teixeira MM,dos Santos WL,Soares MB

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two strains of mice selected according to extreme phenotypes of susceptibility and resistance to oral tolerance (TS and TR mice, respectively) were infected with 1 x 10(7) Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and studied comparatively. TS mice developed a minor pathology while permitting parasite growth with the prese...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Tavares D,da Conceição Ribeiro R,Carlos da Silva A

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is the body's response to an infectious or noninfectious insult. Although the definition of SIRS refers to it as an "inflammatory" response, it actually has pro- and anti-inflammatory components. This review outlines the pathophysiology of SIRS and highlights potentia...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Robertson CM,Coopersmith CM

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mucosal epithelia constitute the first barriers to be overcome by pathogens during infection. The induction of protective IgA in this location is important for the prevention of infection and can be achieved through different mucosal immunization strategies. Lactic acid bacteria have been tested in the last few years ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Oliveira ML,Arêas AP,Campos IB,Monedero V,Perez-Martínez G,Miyaji EN,Leite LC,Aires KA,Lee Ho P

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunity induced by Plasmodium vivax infection leads to memory T cell recruitment activated during "relapse" or "re-infection". This study aims to characterise memory T cells in patients with acute or convalescent P. vivax infection. Lymphocytes were collected from patients infected by P. vivax, immune controls and na...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Jangpatarapongsa K,Sirichaisinthop J,Sattabongkot J,Cui L,Montgomery SM,Looareesuwan S,Troye-Blomberg M,Udomsangpetch R

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Few human pathogens possess the ability exhibited by Candida albicans to colonize and cause symptomatic infections at different body sites. The host immune system is the major factor determining whether this opportunistic yeast behaves as a commensal or as a pathogen, since C. albicans strains appear capable of expres...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Tavanti A,Campa D,Bertozzi A,Pardini G,Naglik JR,Barale R,Senesi S

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:African trypanosomes (prototype: Trypanosoma brucei) are flagellated protozoan parasites that infect a wide variety of mammals, causing nagana in cattle and sleeping sickness in humans. These organisms can cause prolonged chronic infections due to their ability to successively expose different antigenic variants of th...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Pays E

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter pylori infection induces chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa with a marked increase in the number of lymphoid follicles consisting of infiltrating B and T cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages. It has been suggested that an accumulation of mature DC in the tissue, resulting from ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Hansson M,Lundgren A,Elgbratt K,Quiding-Järbrink M,Svennerholm AM,Johansson EL

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rpoB gene encoding the beta subunit of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase was molecularly characterized by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing in 26 Brucella reference strains by using primers selected according to the B. melitensis 16 M rpoB published sequence. Comparison of the rpoB nucleotide sequence of all Bru...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Marianelli C,Ciuchini F,Tarantino M,Pasquali P,Adone R

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously showed that human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) express Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize gram-positive bacteria and respond to Staphylococcus aureus infection by the expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and beta-defensin-2 (hBD2). In this study, we further elucidated the un...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Kumar A,Zhang J,Yu FS

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Shigella and Salmonella kill host cells and trigger inflammatory responses by mechanisms that are not fully understood. The goal of this review is to reevaluate key observations reported over the past 15 years and, whenever possible, to provide a chronological perspective as to how our understanding of the pathways by...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Haimovich B,Venkatesan MM

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Campylobacter jejuni is the predominant cause of antecedent infection in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) or Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS). C. jejuni probably triggers GBS or MFS through molecular mimicry between bacterial sialylated lipo-oligosaccharides (LOS) and gangliosides in peripheral nerve tissue. We investigated ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Godschalk PC,Gilbert M,Jacobs BC,Kramers T,Tio-Gillen AP,Ang CW,Van den Braak N,Li J,Verbrugh HA,Van Belkum A,Endtz HP

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) is a relatively new technique, which utilizes heteroduplex formation between wild-type and mutated DNA strands to identify point mutations. Heteroduplex molecules are separated from homoduplex molecules by ion-pair, reverse-phase liquid chromatography on a spec...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Shi R,Otomo K,Yamada H,Tatsumi T,Sugawara I

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinins, the vasoactive peptides proteolytically liberated from kininogens, were recently recognized as signals alerting the innate immune system. Here we demonstrate that Leishmania donovani and Leishmania chagasi, two etiological agents of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), activate the kinin system. Intravital microscopy ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Svensjö E,Batista PR,Brodskyn CI,Silva R,Lima AP,Schmitz V,Saraiva E,Pesquero JB,Mori MA,Müller-Esterl W,Scharfstein J

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the impact of concurrent parasite infections (amoebiasis, filariasis, necatoriasis) and the effect of anti-parasite treatment on cytokine and chemokine responses in singly and poly-parasitized patients. Cellular reactivity and parasite-specific Th1- and Th2-type cytokine and chemokine profiles were...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Soboslay PT,Hamm DM,Pfäfflin F,Fendt J,Banla M,Schulz-Key H

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A potent DNA vaccine against HIV, combining a vector that takes advantage of the segregation and compartmentalization effect of bovine papilloma virus E2 protein with MultiHIV insert, expressing a fusion gene coding for the non-structural and structural proteins was developed and tested for immunogenicity in mice and ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Krohn K,Stanescu I,Blazevic V,Vesikari T,Ranki A,Ustav M

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The urgent need for a vaccine against HIV/AIDS requires that multiple strategies be employed and evaluated in a clinical setting. V2-loop deleted trimeric envelope (Env) immunogens (protein and DNA) from subtypes B and C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains were produced for ongoing and future clinical ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Barnett SW,Srivastava IK,Ulmer JB,Donnelly JJ,Rappuoli R

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-component regulatory systems play an important role in bacterial virulence. We report that mutation of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa gene designated retS (previously designated fimK; accession number PA4856) encoding a putative hybrid two-component regulator, attenuates multiple virulence mechanisms. The retS mutant wa...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Zolfaghar I,Angus AA,Kang PJ,To A,Evans DJ,Fleiszig SM

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eleven new cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are reported in organ transplant patients in France. The epidemiological, clinical, biological, diagnostic and therapeutic features are reviewed, based on these cases and 46 cases reported in the literature. VL was most commonly associated with renal transplantation (77%...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Basset D,Faraut F,Marty P,Dereure J,Rosenthal E,Mary C,Pratlong F,Lachaud L,Bastien P,Dedet JP

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lactobacillus colonisation was examined in 112 Swedish infants. Faecal samples obtained at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks and at 6, 12 and 18 months of age were cultivated quantitatively on Rogosa agar. Lactobacilli were speciated by PCR and typed to the strain level by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Lactobacilli rea...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Ahrné S,Lönnermark E,Wold AE,Aberg N,Hesselmar B,Saalman R,Strannegård IL,Molin G,Adlerberth I

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The virulence of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis can be attenuated or lost after long periods of repeated subculturing and reestablished after animal inoculation. Only one adhesin (gp43) has been described until now, among the various identified components of P. brasiliensis, and gp43 shows adhesion to laminin. Thus, th...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Andreotti PF,Monteiro da Silva JL,Bailão AM,Soares CM,Benard G,Soares CP,Mendes-Giannini MJ

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The type III secretion system of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium can be used to target heterologous antigens directly into the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells. Our laboratory has previously reported that the single oral immunization of mice with a recombinant Salmonella strain expressing the translocated Y...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Domènech VE,Panthel K,Meinel KM,Rüssmann H

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the pathogenesis of periodontal disease (PD) is not well known, cytokines, chemotactic factors and inflammatory cells are certainly involved in the disease outcome. Here, we characterized the evolution of the PD induced by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in mice, showing that oral inoculation of these ba...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Garlet GP,Avila-Campos MJ,Milanezi CM,Ferreira BR,Silva JS

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measles and pertussis are ubiquitous vaccine-preventable diseases, which remain an important public health problem in developing countries. Hence, developing a deep understanding of their transmission dynamics remains imperative. To achieve this, we compared the impact of vaccination at both individual and population ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Broutin H,Mantilla-Beniers NB,Simondon F,Aaby P,Grenfell BT,Guégan JF,Rohani P

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Group 1 and group 2 CD1 present both self and microbial lipid antigens to T cells. While group 1 CD1-restricted T cells are known for their ability to recognize mycobacterial glycolipid antigens, group 2 CD1-restricted T cells are recognized as regulatory T cells that can influence the outcome of innate and adaptive i...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Sköld M,Behar SM

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA microarray was used as a tool to define the heat- and cold-shock stimulons in Yersinia pestis. Heat shock dramatically enhanced the transcription of genes encoding major heat-shock proteins (MHSPs) that are important for cell survival against the heat. Many other genes were also greatly up-regulated, but their rol...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Han Y,Zhou D,Pang X,Zhang L,Song Y,Tong Z,Bao J,Dai E,Wang J,Guo Z,Zhai J,Du Z,Wang X,Wang J,Huang P,Yang R

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome there are four mce operons, all of which are similar in sequence and organization, and code for putatively exported proteins. To investigate whether Mce proteins are essential for virulence, we generated knock-out mutants in mce1, mce2 and mce3 operons of M. tuberculosis and ev...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Gioffré A,Infante E,Aguilar D,Santangelo MP,Klepp L,Amadio A,Meikle V,Etchechoury I,Romano MI,Cataldi A,Hernández RP,Bigi F

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our previous study demonstrated the anti-apoptosis function of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vpu gene product in normal CD4+ T lymphocytes. In this study, using sequences obtained from the HIV sequence database, we compared vpu sequences from 184 preparations of various subtypes of HIV-1 from diverse...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Komoto S,Tsuji S,Lee BJ,Iwabu Y,Kojima Y,Otake T,Taniguchi K,Ikuta K

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired lower respiratory tract infections include acute tracheobronchitis and hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Nosocomial pneumonia is the second most common hospital-acquired infection and the leading cause of death in hospital-acquired infections. The mortality...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Cavalcanti M,Valencia M,Torres A

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in addition to acute hepatitis. The HCV genome encodes two envelope glycoproteins, E1 and E2. To investigate the role of E1 and E2 in HCV infection, we used a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), VSVdeltaG*, harbori...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Tamura K,Oue A,Tanaka A,Shimizu N,Takagi H,Kato N,Morikawa A,Hoshino H

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, we compared the B cell response of BALB/c and C57Bl/6 mice during Cryptococcus neoformans infection. This response was investigated using virulent serotype D forms of mating types alpha and a (MAT alpha and MAT a). C57Bl/6 mice showed massive (mainly cerebral) infection by both types, while BALB/...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Rodrigues AR,Heise N,Previato JO,Mendonça-Previato L,Peçanha LM

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Production of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons by mammalian cells is mediated through virus-specific activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Known roles for different TLRs and speculation as to their roles in viral pathogenesis and immunity are discussed in this review. ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Finberg RW,Kurt-Jones EA

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:BALB/c mice immunized with cruzipain, a major Trypanosoma cruzi antigen, produce specific and autoreactive immune responses against heart myosin, associated with cardiac functional and structural abnormalities. Preferential activation of the Th2 phenotype and an increase in cell populations expressing CD19+, Mac-1+ an...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Guiñazú N,Pellegrini A,Giordanengo L,Aoki MP,Rivarola HW,Cano R,Rodrigues MM,Gea S

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00